A cikin tsarin jigilar ruwa,Bawul ɗin Zafin Jiki Mai Tsayiwani ɓangare ne na sarrafawa mai mahimmanci, wanda galibi yana da ayyukan tsari, karkatarwa, hana kwararar ruwa, yankewa, da shunt. Ana amfani da bawul ɗin sosai a fannoni na masana'antu da na farar hula. Bawul ɗin zafin jiki mai yawa wani nau'in da aka saba amfani da shi a cikin bawul. Abubuwan da ya keɓance su sune kamar haka: kyakkyawan aikin kashewa, ana iya yin kashewa mai zurfi; kyakkyawan walda; kyakkyawan shaƙar tasiri, yana da wuya a lalata shi ta hanyar tashin hankali; Rashin ƙarfin zafin jiki yakan ragu da sauransu. Akwai nau'ikan bawul ɗin zafin jiki da yawa. Mafi yawan su sune zafin jiki mai zafiBawuloli na malam buɗe ido, zafin jiki mai yawaBawuloli na ƙwallo, matatun mai zafi mai yawa, da kuma zafin jiki mai yawaBawuloli na ƙofa.
Menene Nau'ikan Bawuloli Masu Zafi Mai Girma
Bawuloli masu zafin jiki mai yawa sun haɗa da bawuloli masu zafin jiki mai yawa, bawuloli masu kashewa masu zafi mai yawa, bawuloli masu duba zafin jiki mai yawa, bawuloli masu ƙwallon zafi mai zafi, bawuloli masu malam buɗe ido masu zafi mai yawa, bawuloli masu allura masu zafi mai yawa, bawuloli masu matsewa masu zafi mai yawa, da bawuloli masu rage matsin lamba mai yawa. Daga cikinsu, waɗanda aka fi amfani da su sune bawuloli masu ƙofar shiga, bawuloli masu globe, bawuloli masu duba, bawuloli masu ƙwallon ƙafa da bawuloli masu malam buɗe ido.
Menene Yanayin Aiki na Bawuloli Masu Zafi Mai Girma
Yanayin aiki mai zafi sosai ya haɗa da yanayin zafi mai ƙasa da na ƙasa, yanayin zafi mai yawa Ⅰ, yanayin zafi mai yawa Ⅱ, yanayin zafi mai yawa Ⅲ, yanayin zafi mai yawa Ⅳ, da yanayin zafi mai yawa Ⅴ, waɗanda za a gabatar daban a ƙasa.
Zazzabi mai ƙasa da ƙasa
Zafin da ba shi da yawa yana nufin cewa zafin aiki na bawul ɗin yana cikin yankin 325 ～ 425 ℃. Idan matsakaiciyar ruwa ce da tururi, ana amfani da WCB, WCC, A105, WC6 da WC9 galibi. Idan matsakaiciyar mai ne mai ɗauke da sulfur, ana amfani da C5, CF8, CF3, CF8M, CF3M, da sauransu, waɗanda ke da juriya ga tsatsa ta sulfide. Ana amfani da su galibi a cikin na'urori masu rage yanayi da matsi da na'urorin coking da aka jinkirta a cikin matatun mai. A wannan lokacin, bawuloli da aka yi da CF8, CF8M, CF3 da CF3M ba a amfani da su don juriya ga tsatsa na mafita na acid, amma ana amfani da su don samfuran mai da ke ɗauke da sulfur da bututun mai da iskar gas. A cikin wannan yanayin, matsakaicin zafin aiki na CF8, CF8M, CF3 da CF3M shine 450 ° C.
Zafin jiki mai yawa Ⅰ
Idan zafin aiki na bawul ɗin ya kai 425 ～ 550 ℃, aji ne mai yawan zafin jiki I (wanda ake kira aji PI). Babban kayan da ke cikin bawul ɗin matakin PI shine "ƙarfe mai yawan zafin jiki Ⅰ matsakaici na carbon chromium nickel rare earth titanium mai yawan zafin jiki mai inganci" tare da CF8 a matsayin siffa ta asali a cikin ma'aunin ASMA351. Saboda matsayin PI suna ne na musamman, an haɗa manufar ƙarfe mai yawan zafin jiki mai yawa (P) a nan. Saboda haka, idan matsakaicin aiki ruwa ne ko tururi, kodayake ana iya amfani da ƙarfe mai yawan zafin jiki WC6 (t≤540 ℃) ko WC9 (t≤570 ℃), yayin da samfuran mai masu ɗauke da sulfur kuma ana iya amfani da ƙarfe mai yawan zafin jiki C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo), amma ba za a iya kiransu aji PI a nan ba.
Zazzabi mai yawa II
Zafin aiki na bawul ɗin shine 550 ～ 650 ℃, kuma an rarraba shi a matsayin babban zafin jiki Ⅱ (wanda ake kira P Ⅱ). Ana amfani da bawul ɗin zafin jiki na aji Ⅱ a cikin na'urar fashewar mai mai mai ƙarfi. Yana ɗauke da bawul ɗin ƙofar da ke jure lalacewa mai zafi wanda ake amfani da shi a cikin bututun juyawa uku da sauran sassa. Babban kayan bawul ɗin matakin PⅡ shine "ƙarfe mai zafi Ⅱ matsakaici mai carbon chromium nickel rare earth titanium tantalum mai ƙarfafa zafi" tare da CF8 a matsayin siffa ta asali a cikin ma'aunin ASMA351.
Zazzabi mai yawa III
Zafin aiki na bawul ɗin shine 650 ～ 730 ℃, kuma an rarraba shi a matsayin babban zafin jiki na III (wanda ake kira PⅢ). Ana amfani da bawul ɗin zafin jiki na aji na PⅢ galibi a cikin manyan na'urorin fashewar mai mai nauyi a cikin matatun mai. Babban kayan da ke cikin bawul ɗin zafin jiki na aji na PⅢ shine CF8M wanda aka gina akan ASMA351.
Zafin jiki mai yawa Ⅳ
Zafin aiki na bawul ɗin shine 730 ～ 816 ℃, kuma ana kimanta shi azaman babban zafin jiki na IV (wanda aka fi sani da PIV a takaice). Iyakar zafin aiki na bawul ɗin PIV shine 816 ℃, saboda mafi girman zafin jiki da aka bayar ta hanyar daidaitaccen matakin matsin lamba na ASMEB16134 da aka zaɓa don ƙirar bawul shine 816 ℃ (1500 υ). Bugu da ƙari, bayan zafin aiki ya wuce 816 ° C, ƙarfen yana kusa da shiga yankin zafin ƙirƙira. A wannan lokacin, ƙarfen yana cikin yankin nakasassu na filastik, kuma ƙarfen yana da kyakkyawan filastik, kuma yana da wuya a jure matsin lamba mai yawa da ƙarfin tasiri da kuma hana shi lalacewa. Babban kayan bawul ɗin P Ⅳ shine CF8M a cikin ma'aunin ASMA351 azaman siffar asali "babban zafin jiki Ⅳ matsakaici na carbon chromium nickel molybdenum rare earth titanium tantalum ƙarfafa ƙarfe mai jure zafi". CK-20 da ASMAT182 misali F310 (gami da abun ciki na C ≥01050%) da kuma bakin ƙarfe mai jure zafi na F310H.
Zafin jiki mai yawa Ⅴ
Zafin aiki na bawul ɗin ya fi 816 ℃, wanda ake kira PⅤ, PⅤ babban bawul ɗin zafin jiki (don bawul ɗin rufewa, ba sa daidaita bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido) dole ne su ɗauki hanyoyin ƙira na musamman, kamar rufin rufin rufi ko ruwa ko iskar gas. Sanyaya na iya tabbatar da aikin bawul ɗin na yau da kullun. Saboda haka, ba a ƙayyade iyakar zafin aiki na bawul ɗin zafin jiki na babban bawul ɗin zafin jiki na aji PⅤ ba, saboda zafin aiki na bawul ɗin sarrafawa ba wai kawai ana ƙayyade shi ta hanyar kayan ba, har ma ta hanyar hanyoyin ƙira na musamman, kuma ƙa'idar hanyar ƙira iri ɗaya ce. Bawul ɗin zafin jiki na babban bawul ɗin zafin jiki na matakin PⅤ zai iya zaɓar kayan da suka dace waɗanda za su iya haɗuwa da bawul ɗin bisa ga matsakaicin aiki da matsin lamba na aiki da hanyoyin ƙira na musamman. A cikin bawul ɗin zafin jiki na babban bawul ɗin zafin jiki na aji PⅤ, yawanci bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido ko bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido na bawul ɗin flapper na flue ko bawul ɗin malam buɗe ido yawanci ana zaɓar su ne daga ƙarfe masu zafi na HK-30 da HK-40 a cikin ma'aunin ASMA297. Mai jure tsatsa, amma ba zai iya jure girgiza da nauyin matsin lamba mai yawa ba.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-21-2021